Heat insulating means and method of making the same



Nov. 18,1941.

D. B. WHEELER EI'AL HEAT- INSULATING MEANS AND METHOD OF MAKING THEISAMEOriginal Filed May 24, 1938 J WMS D. GE/A'F/N $543 I f M Patented Nov.18, 1941 HEAT INSULATING MEANS AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Donald B.Wheeler, Hudson Falls, and James D. Griflin, Harrison, N. Y., assignorsto Union Bag & Paper Corporation, Hudson Falls, N. Y., a corporation ofNew Jersey Original application May 24, 1938, Serial No. 209,830.Divided and this application March 11, 1939, Serial No. 261,338

(Cl. 1542S) 11 Claims.

This application is a division of our prior application Ser. No.209,830, filed May 24, 1938.

The present invention relates to heat insulating means and the method ofmaking the same, and the primary object of the invention is to provide anovel and improved means of this character which can be manufacturedinexpensively and with facility and which can be readily applied to thewall of a building or other structure, and when so applied willeffectively protect the wall from the passage of heat or air and theinsulating material will be protected from absorption or saturation withmoisture, the component elements of the insulating means beingpermanently united so that they will not be liable to separate under theinfluences of wide temperature variations.

More particularly, it is an object of the present invention to provideheat insulating means comprising a body of a fibrous or filamentary heatinsulating material such as rock wool or glass wool and a' facing sheethaving thereon a coating of an adhesive compound which is substantiallynon-tacky at any ordinary atmospheric temperature but which becomesadhesive when heated to an appropriate temperature and may be readilyapplied to the insulating material to secure or bond it thereto, theadhesive compound being of a character which is air and moisture proofand which will not crack or lose its adhesive properties through allranges of atmospheric temperatures.

Another object of the invention is to provide a heat insulating unitcomprising a batt of heat insulating material having a facing sheet offlexible material adhered thereto by a coating of an adhesive compoundon the facing sheet which is ribbed to more effectively secure or bondthe batt of insulating material thereto, edges of the facing sheet beinguncoated with the compound and projecting beyond the edges of the batt,these edges of the facing sheet being foldable against the body of thesheet or the batt of insulating material, as during storage or shipment,and adapted to be extended beyond the edges of the batt to receive nailsor other suitable means for securing the batt of insulating material inplace in a wall or other structure.

In the accompanying drawing:

Figure 1 is a length of a facing sheet coated with the adhesive compoundin accordance with the present invention;

Figure 2 is a face view and Figure 3 is a cross section on the line 33in Fig. 2 of a portion of a coated strip of double width from which thesheet shown in Fig. 1 may be cut;

Figure 4 is a side elevation of an apparatus suitable for use inapplying the strip adhesively to a strip of insulating material;

Figure 5 is a perspective view showing a batt of insulating materialhaving the sheet applied adhesively thereto; and 1 Figure 6 is aperspective view showing the manner of installing and securing the battin place in a wall.

According to the present invention, the facing strip I which may becomposed of any cellulosic paper or similar flexible material but ispreferably composed of kraft paper, is coated on one side in anysuitable manner as, for example, by the process disclosed in our priorapplication hereinbefore mentioned, with a compound which will be liquidwhen heated to a temperature ranging between 300 and 360 F. and whencooled to any ordinary atmospheric temperature will solidify and besubstantially non-tacky and waterproof, and when heated upon beingapplied to a strip or batt of insulating material will possess goodadhesive properties. The adhesive compound preferably consists of abituminous compound composed of a mixture of montan pitch and an asphaltor a pitch. The compound is preferably of the following composition:

The montan pitch preferably employed is the Riebeck brand imported fromGermany. It is the residue from bleaching montan wax, which is extractedfrom lignite by the application of heat. The analysis of the montanpitch is as follows:

Y Melting point according to Kramer- Sarnow method F 144 to 153 Acidvalue 2 to 5 Ester value 3 to 5 Saponification value 5 to 10 Insolublesin benzol per cent 0.2 to 0.3 Ash "do...- 0.1 to 1.0

when determined by the Cleveland open cup method, not lower than 500 F.and is soluble in C. P. carbon bisulphide or cold carbon tetrachlorideto the extent of at least 99.5% and soluble in 86 degrees B.Pennsylvania parafiine naphtha to the extent of 'not less than 56.0% andnot more than 66.0%. Its penetration (Dow method) using a No. 2 needleis as follows:

At 32 F. 60 sec. 200 grams weight, not less than 5;

At 77 F. 5 sec. 100 grams weight, not less than 7 nor more than 13;

At 115 F. 5 sec. 50 grams weight, not more than Fifty grams of thematerial upon being maintained at a uniform temperature of 325 F. forfive hours in a cylindrical vessel 21 g inches in diameter and 1% incheshigh should not lose more than 0.4% by weight.

In place of the asphalt, stearine pitch may be employed in the compound,in the same proportion with the montan pitch as stated above. Suchstearlne pitch consists preferably of 50% to 60% cotton seed pitch andthe balance animal pitch, and is air blown so that it will be free ofwater and decomposition products and have a melting point of from 190 F.to 200 F. (ball and ring method). 7

The adhesive compound which coats one side of the strip is formed intoribs 2 in any suitable manner, as by a ribbed doctor blade during thecoating of the sheet, the longitudinal marginal portions 3 of the striphowever being scraped clear, or substantially so, of the adhesivecompound. Figs. '2 and 3 show a double-width sheet coated with theadhesive compound, before splitting longitudinally into single strips.

,, The opposite side of the sheet is preferablycoated in any suitablemanner, as for example,

' cording to the present invention is highly flexible and the adhesivecompound applied thereto is substantially non-tacky at all ordinaryatmospheric temperatures but is rendered highly adhesive when heated toa suitably higher temperature, such as a temperature ranging between 175and 275 F. and it will not crack or lose its adhesive properties withinthe limits of from sub-zero temperature to summer heat.

The non-tacky property of the adhesive compound at all ordinaryatmospheric temperatures, due to the proportion of the waxy montan pitchconstituent of the compound, facilitates the handling of the strip.

A sheet prepared in accordance with the present invention coated withsuch an adhesive compound is especially adapted to be applied as afacing and support for the heat insulating ma-" terial used in thebuilding of houses and other structures, it being capable of applicationadhesively to the insulating material by applying heat at a suitabletemperature, the composition.

applied to the sheet providing protection to the insulating materialagainst saturation with moisture from wet plaster when applied to thewall and preventing the passage of air, thereby imroving theeffectiveness of the insulating material, and the sheet serving asa-means for holding the insulating material in place, the edges 01' thesheet extending beyond the insulating material so that they may beapplied and secured to studding or other wall supports.

In applying strips or sheets coated with the adhesive compound describedto heat insulating material such as used in building construction, thestrip I having the adhesive compound thereon may be convenientlyapplied, for example, to a strip 4 of rock wool, glass wool or otherinsulating material suitably fed from a storage bin 5 as shown in Fig.4, the strip I of paper or the like having the adhesive compound thereonbeing supplied from the roll 6 and fed around a roll I so that theribbed compound treated side of the strip is applied against theinsulating material, the roll 1 being suitably heated so that heat isapplied to the strip at a sufficiently high temperature, as within therange hereinbefore stated,

to soften the compound and render it viscous.

. proofing substance of lower melting point than The heated adhesivestrip and the strip 4 or rock wool or the like are then pressedtogether, as by passing them between a series of press rolls 8, and thestrips I and 4 are then cooled to ordinary temperatures, as by passingthem through a chamber 9 which may be air cooled, and the strip may befinally cut oil? into batts of the de-- sired length, as shown forexample in Fig. 5. Upon cooling to.0rdinary atmospheric temperature, thecompound on the sheet I will adhesively secure the batt 4 thereto.

The edges 3 of the sheet I, which are uncoated with the compound,preferably project beyond the edges of the batt 4 and are left free sothat when the batt is placed in position in a wall, as shown in Fig. 6,these edges of'the sheet may be extended and nailed or otherwise'securedto the studding I0, thus holding the insulating material in place in awall. When used in this way, the compound on the sheet serves not onlyto secure it to the insulating material but it also provides amoistureproof backing for the insulating material which will protect itagainst saturation with moisture from fresh plaster applied to the wall,and the sheet will assist the insulating material in insulating the wallby preventing circulation of air through the wall.

It has been found that by providing the sheet with the adhesive compoundthe surface of which is ribbed, a more effective bond is obtainedbetween the sheet and the insulating material, especially when fibrousor filamentary material such as rock wool or glass wool is appliedthereto, than is obtainable with an adhesive having a flat surface,since the fibres or filaments of such insulating material will settleinto the softened ribs when applied thereto. The property of theadhesive compound coating the sheet of becoming adhesive when heatedenables the sheet and insulating material to be bonded together bysimply preheating the sheet. The sheet applied to a soft and pliablebody or batt of insulating material such as rockwool or glass wool holdsthe same in shape and facilitates the handling thereof.

We claim as our invention:

1. A batt of heat insulating material having flexible waterproof sheetof cellulosic material adhered thereto by a ribbed heat sensitiveadhesive compound on one side of the'sheet, the other side of the sheethaving a coating of a waterthat of said adhesive compound.

ginal edges of the sheet being foldabie against the waxy coating on thesheet and unfoldable to extend freely beyond the batt to provideattaching portions for supporting the batt in place.

4. A body of fibrous or filamentary heat insulating material having afacing strip of paper adhered thereto by a ribbed adhesive on one sideof said strip which is substantially non-tacky at ordinary temperaturesbut becomes adhesive when heated, the other side of said strip having acoating of a waterproofing composition of lower melting point than thatof said adhesive.

5. The combination of a body of heat insulating material, and a sheet offlexible cellulosic material having on one side a coating of a heatsensitive adhesive uniting it to said'body, the opposite side of thesheet being coated with parafiine wax and the edges thereof foldableagainst the body and unfoldable freely to extend beyond adjacent edgesof the body.

6. The combination of a body of heat insulating material, and a. facingsheet of flexible cellulosic material having on one side a coating of aheat sensitive adhesive uniting it to the body,

the other side of said sheet having a waterproofing coating of paraflinethereon.

7. The combination of a body of heat insulating material, and a facingsheet of paper wax coated on one side and having its other side adheredto said body by a coating of montan pitch and an adhesive substance ofhigher melting point.

8. The combination of a body of heat insulating material, and a facingsheet of paper having a coating of parafiine wax on one side and havingits other side adhered to said body by a coating of montan pitch and anadhesive substance of higher melting point in approximately equalproportions.

9. The combination according to claim '7, wherein said coating comprisesasphalt and montan pitch.

10. The combination according to claim 7, wherein said coating comprisesstearine pitch and montan pitch.

11. The method which comprises applying to a body of heat insulatingmaterial a flerdbie sheet of cellulosic material having on the sidethereof which is applied to said body a coating of an adhesive compoundwhich is substantially nontacky at ordinary atmospheric temperatures butis adhesive when heated above such temperatures, said sheet having onits other side a coating of a waterproofing substance of lower meltingpoint than that of said compound applying sufiicient heat to the latterside of said sheet to render said compound adhesive and to melt saidwaterproofing substance, and pressing together said body and sheet tounite them adhesively.

DONALD B. WHEELER. JAMES D. GRIFFIN.

